Valve actuating mechanism



Aug. 25, 1931. H. D. cHuRcH 1,820,299 VALVE cTuA'rING MEoHANIsu l Fild p1-i1' 19. 1929 4 sheets-sheet 2 FIGA.

Y Fraz.

I1 /HM/ n Fl G.

' Aug. 25, 1931. H. D. ACHURCH v820,299

VALVE ACTUATING MEcmmrsu Filed Apri; 19, 1929 4 sheets-sheet '3 M INVENTOR.

Aug. 25, 1931.

H. D. CHURCH VALVE ,f ACTUATING MECHANI SM Filed April 19,1929 4 sheets-'sheet 4 INVENTOR.

f1 w35 surfaces.

i Patented Aug. 25, 1931 y .i HAROLD D. oHUIwH,v or CLEVELANi)l 'oHzrcrY AssIe'NoRY'ro "'THii'wiirrn Moron. coil:,iilfnk Y ff@ y-- 1,820,299?

iol" CLEVELAND, oHro, A,k Conro'anfrloiv. or oHIo vALvE AcrnAr-IQMEIANISM f. l

applicati@ nied'aprn 19,

This invention relates to valve yaotuatinv '-f i forv valves'of the likewhich will be extremely 1 iighpfin weight.y

Another object is to providea valve tappet Awhich will hav'er'elatively smallv bearingzarea and in which the areawillbe `so disposed that all lateral forces imposedv upon the tappet will be transmitted bycompression throughl the tappet and thereof.

' directly tok the bearing `faces Another Objectifs? 'to ,provide @appaia i which dirt'is e'Eectively''excludedy from loetween the bearing surfaces of the tappetand its'guide. f' W Another" obj/ect isi to vprovide a vta'ppet which vwill haveits bearing surfaces soar-A i 'g5 ranged that all transverse forces will be sub stantial-lynormal to aglargevportion thereof-.-

Another obj ect is to provide a valve tappet which maybe constructed of very'lli'ttle ma-v terial and yet will present adequate'bearing f Other objects will hereinafter appearizf` The invention Awill )hefy better understood from the description of two' particular-em# bodimentsv thereof, illustrated'in' the accom` "3235 panying drawings,in which;v

y Figure 1 1s la transverse sectional View of n an internal eomb'ustiolilnotor of thevalv'elinhead type, illustrating one valve actuating' l mechanism embodying the invention; `Figure l2 is a fragmentaryk plan yview of ,l the'valve tappetsand guides of .Figure 1 taken on line IIe-II thereof;v 'f

Figure Sis a longitudinal view of the'parts of Figure12'taken o'njl line III--Hllthereofg Figure 4 is la sectionalvie'w taken on vline IV/-IV of Figure2; l n Figure 5 is a sectional view of one tappet and guidetaken on line 'V-p-V of Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a transverse sectional view of a 50 motor ofthe L` head type yshowing a 4valve Y VII-SVH of vFigures@and. 9;r`

actuating mechanism constituting another y 'embodiment of the invention;Il v f ""Fig'ure i. 7` "is s av sectional e view [on line 'Figure' 8 is 'a fragmentary `plan view lof the tappets and guides of Figure;vr n L a plurality of cylinders 3, in which 'operate pistons 4, thesepare pivotedto yconnecting rods 5 attachedtoa'crank shaft (not shown). The upper endY of the cylinder blockis closed byzcylinderhead (i'vwhich contains valves 75 normallyv maintained against their seats by transverse sectional' View4` springs 8.,` and. actuated hyrocket'a'rms f pivoted upon' shafts `10 carried bycylinder head. camshaft ll'lis journaled within the.'A crank gcasefand'frotatesto actuate the valves. V A pushrodlQ is interposed between .the cam shaft and rocker arm 'and carries at its upper end socket 13 'which is engaged by Yanv adjustable? head 14 `carried by the rocker arxnf 1 'i t Between the lower end of the push rod5and l the camshaftisaf-tappetf- Vls'carried "in a guide 16,y Athese parts .locing; more clearlyilf lus-trated ingFigures 2 to 5. The valve tappet shown' is a rssiheadlike member of substantial 'Hshaped i. ,cross section 'comprising ja centraly welo17l and areuateibearingiianges i 18 "alongits sides. :Across the bottom-"ofthe tappetjextends alcurvediflange 19 which hears `directly, upon the cam2O.'` `The upperj end of the tappet is formed witliiaflange k21 havin .a recess 22V forthe reception-of the rounde l end 23 of the push'rod. f

The-tappet may reciprocate in in the guide 16,1 this slot-having two, curved y bearingfsurfaces 241 engaged "by [flanges l18. The 'sides of the slot intermediate the; bear-y ing surface extend chordally'acrossthe guide and are recessed as; at 25' Atojgirovidea, large clearance between tappet. f: y l ,i

themey and lthe sides of they, i i

The exterior of the guide consists of two cylindrical surfaces 26 and 27 between which is a flange 28 which bears upon the top of crank case 1. The flange 28 is extended to one side at 29, the extensions of two adjacent guides coming nearly together.

Between these extensions a stud or bolt 30 is threaded into the crank case and a nut 31 threaded upon the bolt clamps the two extensions to the crank case and so retains both guides in operative position. Extensions 29 are notched to closely fit against bolt 30 to accurately aline the guides so that the chordal sides of the recesses in them will lie in planes normal to the axis of the cam shaft.

From the above it will be seen that substantially the entire bearing surface situated to receive the lateral forces impressed upon'the tappet. As the tappet is quite wide transversely of the engine, lateral forces imposed by the cam at the ends of its contact with the tappet are not converted into stresses tending to bend the same, but are transmitted directly through the web to one of the bearing faces, the metal of the tappet being placed only under compression kand the pressure between the bearing faces being distributed over a relatively large area, so that unit pressures are low and wear is very materially reduced.

- The surface of the curved flange 19 bears upon the cam thruout substantially its en tire width so that no high unit pressure occurs between these surfaces, and wear between them is consequently slight. As the space at the sides of the tappet is large 4and ends abruptly, any dirt lodging therein will not be moved upon motion of the tappet to between the bearing faces and wear, due to dirt getting between the bea-ring faces, is therefore greatly reduced. While the tappet is very strong and has relatively large overall dimensions, it is extremely light in weight.

Figure 6 shows an application of my invention to the tappets of an L headmotor. The motor consists of a crank case 101 carrying cylinder block 102 in which are formed cylinders 103. Pistons 104 reciprocate in these cylinders, being connected by Vconnecting rods 105 to a crank-shaft in the crankcase. Mounted upon the cylinder block is a cylinder head 106 having and communieating witheach cylinder a combustion chamber 107. Valves 108 are carried by the cylinder block and open into the chambers 107. Each valve has a stem 109 reciprocable in a guide110, within the cylinder block and is maintained in closed position by the pressure of a spring 111 bearing upon a ferrule 112 which in turn bears upon frustro conical blocks 113 fitting into a groove in the valve stem. The valve stem is acted. upon directly by the tappet, corresponding in this respect to the push rod described in conl 11'? carried by the cam-shaft 118. r1`he upper `end of the tappet is providealwith an internally threaded boss 119 in which an adjus table plug or bolt 120 is threaded, the plug being supplied Vwith a loer: nut 121 so that it may be adjusted relative the tappet and locked in adjusted position.

The tappet reciprocates in a guide 122 which consists of cylindrical portions 123 and 124 between which is a flange 125 which rests upon the top of the crank-case. The interior of the guide is formed with arcuate bearing faces 126 engaged by flanges 115 and has chordally extending walls 12'? to maintain the tappet against rotation. The flange 125 has an extension 128, the extensions of the 'adjacent guides nearly touching so that these may be clamped by a bolt 129 anda nut 130 in the manner of the flanges described in connection with the first embodiment. These extensions are offset from the center-- to-center line of the adjacent tappets so that the clamping nut is situated toward the outside of the motor and is readily accessible through a hand-hole 131 in the cylinder block upon the removal of a cover 132.

VAs in the embodiment first described, the bearing faces are relatively far apart so that bending stresses are eliminated and that the 'bearing surfaces are so arranged that lateral forces on the tappet are distributed over and substantially normal to a large percentage of thel bearing surface, there being no frictional engagement between the sides of the tappet intermediate the bearing faces and the guide, and no opportunity for dirt travelling around the tapp'et to its bearing surfaces.

Vhile I have described the two illustrated embodiments ofmy invention which are particularly adapted to the engines shown, this has been done by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation, and as many other embodiments will obviously readily occur to those skilled in this art, I do not limit myself to the precise details shown and described but claim as my invention all variations, modifications and embodiments falling within the scope of the subjoined claims.

I claim: y

1. A valve tappet of l-l-shaped cross section having transversely curved flanges and a guide therefor having curved ways in which said flanges slide.

2. A valve tappet of quadrilateral cross section having two opposite arcuate Vbearing faces, the sides between the bearing faces beingvrecessed, a curved bearing face on one end,'and a Valve rod contacting socket at -l the other end.

3. In a motor, Valve.actuatingimechanism comprising a earn-shaft within the crank-ease [of the motor, two cams thereon, a non-eircu lar tappet bearing on one of said cams,'afsec l a fiange at the opposite end provided with a ond non-circular `tappet bearing on the other cam, a guidefor the first tappet, comprising` a sleeve extending into lsaid crank-case vand afiange seating upon the crank case, a similar guide for the other tappet, a ybolt vcarried by the crank-case between said flanges, a nut threaded on said bolt and bearngupon said flanges, and notches in said flanges engaging `said bolt maintaining said guides in alinement. e

4. A valve tappet of H-shaped cross seo-v tion having transversely curved flanges and a guide therefor having curved A.Waysr in whichsaid flang'esslide', the guide and tappet being *spacedl apart intermediate said4 flanges. i Y

5. A Valve tappet of Heshaped'eross section having transversely curved fianges with ehordal ends and a guide ythereforhaving 'ways in which said vflanges slide, the guide Y contacting the curved and ehordal parts of .the flanges and being spaced from the remainder of the tappet. i

6. A Valve tappet of H-shaped cross-section, aguide therefor, a Curved cam-engaging flange at one end kof said tappet, the Camengaging surface ofiwhich is defined by elements parallel to the axis of the Crain shaft with which it is designed to cooperate,'and

bearingy for a valve rod.k

7. A Valve tappet comprising la ,central web, a continuons peripheral flange comprising two parallel sidesand two ends extending therefrom, the web being apertured.

8. A valve tappet of Heshaped eross-sec-- tion, and a guide thereforhaving ka quadri-y lateral opening in which the tappet may slide, engaging thefouter sides and the edges of the flanges of the tappet.

. In testimony'whereof I hereunto aiiiX mysigna'ture this 15th day of April, '1929.

HAROLD D. CHURCH'.` 

